The planet Mars Essay Example for Free

The planet vitiate EssayThe standard atmosphere preceding(prenominal) the come of deflower is about 100 times less dense than the atmosphere of Earth. The Martian atmosphere is dense enough to support a endure system that includes clouds and winds. According to experts, Mars roller coaster-like weather is more than chaotic and unpredictable than scientists first thought. At times, the sky can appear pink and cloudless, make full with windblown dust raised from the rusty Martian come on. Tremendous dust storms sometimes rage over the entire planet.Most of the dust storms occur during the perihelion when Mars is closest to the sun. In addition, the dust storms continue to look out on the atmosphere and climate during the aphelion when Mars is furthest from the sun. Perihelion and aphelion occur every Mars year, which equals two Earth years. (Mars Atmosphere, 2002)Mars is a good deal colder than Earth. The average temperature on Mars is about -80 F (-60 C).Temperatur es at the Martian surface metamorphose from as low as about -195 F (-125 C) near the poles during the winter to as much as 70 F (20 C) at midday near the equator. (Mars Science, 2000)These shifts in climate ar caused by leash factors Mars thin atmosphere, its elliptical orbit around the sun, and strong climatic interactions between dust and piss ice clouds in the atmosphere. Mars atmosphere is so thin that it weighs less than 1 percent of Earths atmosphere. Because Mars atmosphere is so paper-thin and there atomic number 18 no oceans to store up heat from the sun, the planets temperatures respond more quickly and intensely to surface changes and atmospheric heating by the sun. There are also much larger annual changes in sunlight f eaching on Mars than on Earth, because Mars remoteness from the sun varies by 20 percent in its orbit around the sun every two years. (Mars Science, 2000)Mars has many of the kinds of surface features that are common on Earth. These include plains, canyons, and volcanoes. Overall, craters occur throughout the surface of Mars, while they are rare on Earth. In addition, fine-grained reddish dust covers almost all the Martian surface.Many regions of Mars consist of flat, low-lying plains. Most of these areas are in the northern hemisphere. They may be so smooth because they werebuilt up from deposits of sediment. There is evidence that water once flowed across the Martian surface. The water would have tended to collect in the lowest spots on the planet and then would have deposited sediments there.Near the equator of Mars, there are is a string of canyons known as Valles Marineris. Scientists believe that they were organize by the crust of the surface being stretched and ultimately split. Volcanoes appear throughout the planet. Many of these volcanoes resemble volcanoes that are in Hawaii. Their slopes rise gradually and they are referred to as shield volcanoes. They were formed from eruptions of lavas that can flow for hank er distances before solidifying. (The Surface of Mars, 2002)Martian craters are similar to craters on Earths moon. The craters have deep, bowl-shaped floors and raised rims. roughly large craters have central peaks that form when the crater floor rebounds upward after an impact. Much of the surface of the southern hemisphere is extremely old, and it contains many craters. Other parts of the surface, especially in the northern hemisphere, are younger and thus have fewer craters. (Mars, 2002)ReferencesThe Surface of Mars. (2002). Canyons and plains. Online. Available http//www.nasm.si.edu/ceps/etp/mars/surface.htmlMars Atmosphere. (2002). Online. Available http//chapters.marssociety.org/polska/mars_atmosphere.html