Social Issues

In the culture of South Asia, hijras (Hindi: ??????, Urdu: ?????, Bengali: ??????, Telugu: ?????) or khusra in Punjabi and kojja in Telugu are physiological potent persons who adopt distaff sex identity, womens clothing and other feminine gender roles. Hijras expect a long recorded history in the Indian subcontinent, from the Mughal empire period onwards. This history features a number of well-known(a) roles indoors subcontinental cultures, part gender-liminal, part spiritual and part survival. In Pakistan, umpteen hijras live in well-defined, organized, all-hijra communities, led by a guru.[1][2] These communities take on sustained themselves over generations by adopting issue boys who are rejected by, or flee their family of origin.[3] Many hit as phallic sex workers for survival.[4] The word hijra is Urdu, derived from the Arabic descent hjr in its guts of leaving ones tribe,[5] and has been borrowed into Hindi. The Indian usage has traditionally been translate d into English as eunuch or hermaphrodite, where the irregularity of the male genitalia is primeval to the definition.[6] However, in general hijras are natural with typically male physiology, only a few having been innate(p) with male hermaphrodite variations.

[7] Historically, ceremonial initiation into the hijra community is state to have convolute removal of a boys penis, testicles and scrotum, without anesthetic, at or around puberty.[citation needed] However, fit to Mumbai health organization The Humsafar Trust, only eight-spot percent of hijras tour their clinic are nirwaan (castrated).[citation needed] Since the late 20th century, virtually h! ijra activists and Western non-government organizations (NGOs) have been lobbying for official recognition of the hijra as a kind of three sex or third gender, as neither humans nor woman.[8] The Urdu and Hindi word hijra may alternately be romanized as hijira, hijda, hijada, hijara, hijrah and is pronounced [???d??a?]. This experimental condition is generally considered disparaging in Urdu...If you want to get a full essay, erect it on our website: OrderCustomPaper.com

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